all Oral History
April 6, 2001

Theodore Neusbaum

Neusbaum was born in 1910 in a small German village that had once held a large Jewish population, with a synagogue, a mikveh, and a Jewish cemetery, though only seven Jewish families remained during his childhood. His family kept a kosher home and were conservative in their observance, often hosting Polish and Russian Jewish peddlers over Shabbos when there were not enough men for a minyan. His father was a cattle dealer, and his brother Max worked in the business. A goalkeeper on a regional soccer team, Teddy was celebrated when his team won a championship, but after a Hitler speech reached his area, his neighbors began to shun him. Realizing there was no future for a German Jew, he resolved to leave the country his family had lived in since the 1600s.

Neusbaum applied for and received a visa, departing from Bremen and arriving in New York City, where he went to live with his mother's brother. He worked in a delicatessen restaurant by day and attended school at night until illness forced him to stop. With his uncle he expanded the delicatessen in the Bedford-Stuyvesant area of Brooklyn, adding a dining room and a bar to create a large business known as the Unity Restaurant, across from the Unity Club. He later moved into catering, serving clients such as the Brooklyn Medical Society and events for the UJA. Working through a sympathetic bank manager who lent him the funds needed to show support, he obtained visas that brought his parents, brothers, sisters, and other relatives to America, including his stubborn brother Max, who narrowly escaped arrest.

Neusbaum married Dorothy, whom he met in the store, in a civil ceremony after she chose not to convert, and they raised their son Paul, who chose to become Jewish and later went through the mikvah before his bar mitzvah, and another son who had a bar mitzvah at a Reform temple. Teddy served in the Army during the war. Though he described himself as not the most observant Jew, he joined and supported synagogues once he understood their needs, and after retiring to Tamarac, Florida, he became a founder of a local synagogue. Later living in a Jewish retirement community, he continued attending services and Seders and remained active on the bima. Reflecting on assimilation, antisemitism, and his family's mixed marriages, he affirmed that he would always be a Jew and hoped his children would remember they are Jewish too.